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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis centers on injury to pancreatic acinar cells, which initiates a cascade of harmful intracellular events.This injury leads to premature activation of trypsinogen to trypsin in the pancreas. Trypsin then activates other digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, elastase, and phospholipase A2, which begin breaking down pancreatic tissue. The resulting autodigestion causes local inflammation, tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and fat necrosis.Injured acinar cells...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...

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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia
05:07

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia

Published on: July 21, 2023

[Nonocclusive acute mesenteric ischemia].

I Vasile1, C Meşină, M Paşalega

  • 1Clinica II Chirurgie, UMF Craiova.

Chirurgia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)
|August 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This case study highlights nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia, a lethal condition often diagnosed late due to vague symptoms. Improved understanding of its pathophysiology is crucial for better patient outcomes in acute mesenteric ischemia.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) encompasses arterial emboli/thrombi, venous thrombi, and nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI).
  • Common pathophysiology involves intestinal hypoperfusion, bacterial translocation, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
  • Reperfusion injury is a key factor in NOMI.

Observation:

  • A 70-year-old patient with hypertension and coronary heart disease experienced acute mesenteric ischemia.
  • The patient was treated with an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, antiarrhythmics, and antithrombin therapy.
  • Diagnosis of NOMI is often delayed due to nonspecific symptoms and poor understanding of its mechanisms.

Findings:

  • Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) represents the most lethal form of AMI.
  • Delayed diagnosis significantly contributes to the high mortality rates associated with NOMI.
  • Despite high in-hospital mortality, advancements in knowledge offer hope for improved prognosis.

Implications:

  • Emphasizes the critical need for earlier diagnosis and intervention in NOMI.
  • Highlights the importance of further research into NOMI pathophysiology.
  • Suggests that enhanced understanding may lead to reduced mortality in acute mesenteric ischemia.