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Updated: Jul 2, 2026
Preparation of Hydroxy-PAAm Hydrogels for Decoupling the Effects of Mechanotransduction Cues
Published on: August 28, 2014
[Repeated operation for removement of polyacrylamide hydrogel from breast]
Da-Li Mu1, Jie Luan, Lan-Hua Mu
1Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100144, China.
Objective:
To investigate the technique of repeated operation for removement of polyacrylamide hydrogel from breast.
Methods:
17 cases after uncomplete removement of PHG were reoperated through inferior periareolar incision. The PHG and affected denatured muscle and gland tissue were removed.
Results:
Preoperative MRI or CT showed PHG distributed diffusely in muscle and gland. There was only minimal residual PHG after operation. Histological examination showed PHG distributed in the denatured and proliferative fibrous tissue, including giant cells, many neutrophilic cells infiltration, and foreign body granuloma. The symptoms, such as intramammary pump or nodule, chest and back pain, infection, were relieved after operation.
Conclusions:
Blinded suction technique can not remove PHG completely and can also result in malposition of PHG and make the tissue denaturation worse. We suggest open approach to remove the PHG and denatured tissue completely through periareolar incision.