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Reading, writing and systematic review.

Margarete Sandelowski1

  • 1School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. msandelo@email.unc.edu

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Systematic reviews involve subjective reading and writing practices. These disciplined yet resistant engagements challenge claims of objectivity in synthesizing research findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Information Science
  • Research Methodology

Background:

  • Systematic reviews are increasingly popular for summarizing research.
  • However, their claims to objectivity have faced critiques compared to other review methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the reading and writing practices inherent in systematic reviews.
  • To offer an alternative perspective on the subjectivity within systematic review processes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the interaction between reviewers (readers) and research reports (texts).
  • Examination of how reviewers exclude studies based on relevance, quality, or methodology.
  • Conceptualizing research reports as "resistant texts" requiring interpretation.

Main Results:

  • Systematic review is characterized by subjective, disciplined engagement.
  • Reviewers act as "resisting readers" by making interpretive choices.
  • Research reports are "made docile" through critical analysis, not passively yielding data.

Conclusions:

  • Systematic review practices enable and challenge ideals of truth and objectivity.
  • Acknowledges the inherent subjectivity in synthesizing research findings.
  • Highlights the role of reviewer interpretation in shaping review outcomes.