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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types01:20

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types

Hair growth begins with the production of keratinocytes by the basal cells of the hair bulb. As new cells are deposited at the hair bulb, the hair shaft is pushed through the follicle toward the surface. Keratinization is completed as the cells are pushed to the skin surface to form the shaft of hair that is externally visible. The external hair is completely dead and composed entirely of keratin. Hair can be cut or shaven without damaging the hair structure because the cut is superficial. Most...
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands01:21

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands

A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
These glands that produce the oils on the skin and hair are holocrine glands. The mature...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...

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Treatment patterns in geriatric patients with melanoma and the effect of age on the efficacy of immunotherapy: Analysis from the real-world multicenter registry ADOREG.

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Enhanced overall and progression-free survival in advanced melanoma patients undergoing targeted therapy alongside antithrombotic treatment - Insights from a multicenter study involving 1296 patients from the prospective skin cancer registry ADOReg.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
04:12

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma

Published on: January 19, 2024

Changes in skin topography during hormone therapy.

Martin Kaatz1, Peter Elsner, Martin Johannes Koehler

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.

Menopause (New York, N.Y.)
|August 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Female sex hormones significantly reduced skin roughness by 15% over 12 months in women undergoing hormone therapy. This study offers new evidence supporting the anti-aging benefits of female sex hormones for skin health.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Endocrinology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • The impact of female sex hormones on skin aging is complex and yields conflicting research findings.
  • Understanding these hormonal influences is crucial for developing effective anti-aging strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific effects of hormone therapy on skin aging markers.
  • To provide new evidence regarding the role of female sex hormones in mitigating skin aging.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of eight women undergoing hormone therapy was monitored.
  • Skin roughness was quantitatively assessed over a 12-month period.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant decrease in skin roughness was observed, averaging approximately 15% reduction.

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
04:12

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma

Published on: January 19, 2024

  • The reduction in skin roughness was evident within the 12-month study duration.
  • Conclusions:

    • Female sex hormones, particularly in the context of hormone therapy, demonstrate a notable anti-aging effect on the skin.
    • These findings contribute to the understanding of dermatological aging and hormonal influences.