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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
Published on: January 24, 2020
Do older adults show less confidence in their monitoring of learning?
Michael J Serra1, John Dunlosky, Christopher Hertzog
1Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA. ms3439@columbia.edu
Abstract:
Although aging has a minimal effect on the accuracy of people's judgments of learning (JOLs) at predicting future memory performance, older adults may be less confident in these memory judgments--similar to the age declines often reported with memory self-efficacy. To evaluate this possibility, the authors had younger and older adults make JOLs for paired associates and rate their confidence in the accuracy of each JOL. Age-related declines in confidence in judgments were evident for immediate JOLs but not for delayed JOLs. Implications of these outcomes for theory of JOLs and explaining age-related differences in self-regulated study are discussed.
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