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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the anxiety of...
Counterfactual Thinking01:19

Counterfactual Thinking

Counterfactual thinking is a cognitive process wherein individuals mentally reconstruct alternative versions of past events, often beginning with “what if” or “if only.” This reflective mechanism plays a significant role in shaping emotional experiences and guiding future behavior. Though typically triggered by unfavorable or unexpected outcomes, counterfactual thinking can also emerge in mundane, everyday decisions and experiences, revealing its deep entrenchment in human cognition.Types of...
Psychodynamic Therapy01:29

Psychodynamic Therapy

Psychodynamic therapies emphasize the exploration of unconscious processes and early childhood experiences as fundamental contributors to psychological difficulties. These therapies, deeply rooted in Freud's psychoanalytic theory, aim to uncover and resolve unconscious conflicts, granting individuals insights that promote emotional and behavioral healing. Contemporary psychodynamic approaches have evolved, integrating a broader range of influences and methodologies while still valuing the...
Ethical Dilemmas II01:30

Ethical Dilemmas II

Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:
Altered States of Awareness01:06

Altered States of Awareness

Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Paradoxical hypnotic experiences in escaping constraining dilemmas: a clinical example.

Walter Tschugguel1, Marlene E Hunter

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria. walter.tschugguel@meduniwien.ac.at

The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis
|August 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Choosing between difficult options can lead to distress and chronic pain. This case study shows how paradoxical past experiences can help patients overcome challenges and integrate them for behavioral change.

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Decision-making challenges and paradoxical choices are linked to negative emotional states like hopelessness and depression.
  • Chronic pain conditions, such as chronic pelvic pain, can be exacerbated by difficult decision-making processes.

Observation:

  • A single case study involving a woman with chronic pelvic pain is presented.
  • The patient's treatment incorporated her previous contradictory experiences.

Findings:

  • Paradoxical past experiences can serve as a foundation for behavioral change.
  • Patients can integrate these experiences gradually and without conscious effort, leading to personal growth.

Implications:

  • This approach offers a novel perspective on managing chronic pain and associated psychological distress.
  • Understanding the role of paradoxical experiences may enhance therapeutic interventions for complex conditions.