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Mindful Hypnotherapy for Cluster B Personality Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial with an Active Control.

Zahra Sadeghi1, Ali Khamseh2

  • 1Department of Personality Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Islamic Azad University - Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.

The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis
|July 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Mindful hypnotherapy (MH) effectively reduced symptoms of histrionic, narcissistic, and antisocial personality disorders compared to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) skills. Further research is needed for borderline personality disorder.

Keywords:
Antisocial personality disorderCluster B personality disordersborderline personality disorderemotion regulationhistrionic personality disorderhypnosismindful hypnotherapymindfulnessnarcissistic personality disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Cluster B personality disorders present significant treatment challenges due to emotional dysregulation and rigid interpersonal patterns.
  • Mindful hypnotherapy (MH), integrating mindfulness and clinical hypnosis, offers a potential transdiagnostic approach for cognitive and emotional inflexibility.
  • Existing treatments often struggle with pervasive symptoms, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of Mindful Hypnotherapy (MH) against an active control condition in reducing Cluster B personality disorder symptoms.
  • To evaluate MH as a brief, transdiagnostic intervention for personality disorders.
  • To investigate the differential effects of MH on histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial, and borderline personality disorders.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 120 adults meeting DSM-5 criteria for Cluster B personality disorders.
  • Participants were randomized to either MH or an active control group (CBT/DBT skills), with both conditions involving eight weekly 60-minute sessions.
  • Symptom severity was assessed pre- and post-treatment using the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III), with data analyzed using ANCOVA.

Main Results:

  • Mindful Hypnotherapy (MH) demonstrated significantly greater symptom reduction for histrionic, narcissistic, and antisocial personality disorders compared to the active control (p < .05).
  • Effect sizes for MH were substantial, with partial eta-squared values ranging from approximately .16 to .21.
  • No significant differences were found between MH and the active control for borderline personality disorder symptoms (p = .31).

Conclusions:

  • Mindful Hypnotherapy (MH) is an effective brief intervention for histrionic, narcissistic, and antisocial personality disorders.
  • The efficacy of MH for borderline personality disorder remains inconclusive and requires further investigation.
  • MH presents a promising transdiagnostic approach for specific Cluster B personality disorders, warranting further study in longer treatment protocols.