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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Robotic Enucleation of Esophageal Leiomyoma
04:19

Robotic Enucleation of Esophageal Leiomyoma

Published on: February 20, 2026

Symptomatic posterior mediastinal angioleiomyoma.

Hoseok I1, Yeon Joo Jeong, Kyung Un Choi

  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, 1-10 Ami-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 602-739, Korea.

Yonsei Medical Journal
|August 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A rare mediastinal angioleiomyoma caused back and flank pain in a 66-year-old woman. Surgical removal confirmed the diagnosis, highlighting this tumor

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Robotic Enucleation of Esophageal Leiomyoma
04:19

Robotic Enucleation of Esophageal Leiomyoma

Published on: February 20, 2026

Area of Science:

  • Thoracic surgery
  • Surgical pathology
  • Diagnostic imaging

Background:

  • Mediastinal tumors can present with diverse symptoms.
  • Angioleiomyomas are rare benign tumors typically found in the skin or extremities.
  • Differentiating mediastinal masses requires advanced imaging and pathological analysis.

Observation:

  • A 66-year-old woman experienced chronic left back and flank pain.
  • Imaging revealed a 4.3 cm, well-circumscribed, round mass in the left posterior mediastinum.
  • The mass's location near the sympathetic trunk suggested a nerve sheath tumor.

Findings:

  • Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery successfully removed the mediastinal mass.
  • Post-operative pathological examination definitively diagnosed the tumor as an angioleiomyoma.
  • The patient's symptoms resolved after surgical resection.

Implications:

  • This case expands the known locations for symptomatic angioleiomyomas.
  • It underscores the importance of comprehensive histopathological evaluation for mediastinal masses.
  • Thoracoscopic surgery is a viable option for removing such lesions.