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Thoracic IgG4-related Disease: Revealing the Diverse Imaging Manifestations
Kyubin Kim1, Gong Yong Jin2, Myoung Ja Chung3
1Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
Abstract:
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated fibroinflammatory condition characterized by IgG4-positive plasma cells, storiform fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, and elevated serum IgG4 levels. Thoracic involvement commonly presents with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and peribronchovascular thickening, along with pulmonary abnormalities (nodules or masses, ground-glass opacities, fibrosis, consolidation, or cavities or cysts), pleural effusion or thickening, mediastinal or chest wall masses, and thoracic arteritis. Given the imaging overlap with other entities, a pattern-based approach is essential to narrow the differential diagnosis. Comprehensive radiologic evaluation across thoracic organs plays a pivotal role in early detection, timely treatment, and prevention of irreversible fibrosis.
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