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Related Experiment Videos

The total artificial heart.

L E Barker

    AACN Clinical Issues in Critical Care Nursing
    |August 1, 1991
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The total artificial heart (TAH) has evolved significantly, offering a vital bridge to transplant for patients with heart failure. While early devices faced complications, modern TAH technology has improved outcomes and survival rates.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Surgery
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Medical Devices

    Background:

    • Interest in artificial heart replacement emerged in the early 1800s due to concerns about ventricular failure.
    • Mechanical cardiac assistance development was driven by the need for circulatory support during cardiac surgery.
    • Extracorporeal circulation advancements paved the way for total artificial heart (TAH) development.

    Observation:

    • The first TAH implant in a human occurred in 1969 as a bridge to transplant.
    • Early permanent TAH implants in the 1980s showed limited survival and significant device-related complications like bleeding and infection.
    • The Symbion J-7-100 TAH (Jarvik-7), introduced in 1985, marked a significant improvement as a bridge to transplant device.

    Findings:

    • Since 1985, over 170 patients have been bridged with the Symbion J-7 TAH, with over 70% successfully transplanted.

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  • Improved understanding of anticoagulation has reduced thromboembolic events associated with TAH use.
  • Infection remains a primary complication, but the pneumatic TAH is an effective bridge to transplant.

    • Implications:

    • The pneumatic TAH has demonstrated its efficacy as a bridge to transplant, significantly improving patient survival.
    • Continued research and development are crucial to further mitigate complications like infection associated with long-term TAH support.
    • The evolution of TAH technology highlights progress in mechanical circulatory support for end-stage heart failure.