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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
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Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Crohn's disease
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection
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Published on: December 8, 2014

Severe Clostridium difficile-associated disease in children.

Marko Pokorn1, Anja Radsel, Milan Cizman

  • 1Departments of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. marko.pokorn@mf.uni-lj.si

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|August 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) outbreaks in children are rare but serious, requiring intensive therapy and sometimes colectomy. Co-infections with enteric viruses and underlying conditions like Hirschsprung disease increase severity.

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A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection
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Published on: June 15, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) is a significant cause of infectious diarrhea in children.
  • Outbreaks of CDAD in pediatric populations necessitate prompt identification and management strategies.

Observation:

  • Three pediatric cases of CDAD occurred within a short period, with two requiring intensive care.
  • One severe case of community-acquired CDAD was noted.
  • Two patients presented with underlying conditions (Hirschsprung disease, Down syndrome) and concurrent enteric viral infections (rotavirus, calicivirus).

Findings:

  • The cases highlight the potential for rapid CDAD progression in children, even in community settings.
  • Co-infection with enteric viruses may exacerbate CDAD severity.
  • Underlying comorbidities are associated with increased risk and complexity of CDAD management.

Implications:

  • These findings underscore the importance of vigilant surveillance for CDAD in pediatric settings.
  • Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in severe pediatric CDAD.
  • Further research into the synergistic effects of viral co-infections and underlying conditions on CDAD pathogenesis is warranted.