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Difference in celiac disease risk between Swedish birth cohorts suggests an opportunity for primary prevention

Cecilia Olsson1, Olle Hernell, Agneta Hörnell

  • 1Department of Food and Nutrition, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden. cecilia.olsson@kost.umu.se

Pediatrics
|September 3, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Sweden

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Sweden observed a distinct celiac disease epidemic in young children, linked to infant feeding changes and multifactorial pathogenesis.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for preventing celiac disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze celiac disease risk in epidemic and postepidemic birth cohorts up to preschool age.
  • To explore primary prevention strategies for celiac disease.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a nationwide celiac disease incidence register (1973-2003).
  • Application of European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition diagnostic criteria.
  • Calculation of annual and cumulative incidence rates by age and birth cohort.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in cumulative celiac disease incidence between epidemic and postepidemic birth cohorts.
  • The risk difference persisted through preschool years, diminishing with age.
  • A recent increase in incidence rates for children under two years was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Celiac disease risk disparities between cohorts indicate potential for primary prevention.
  • Further research into infant feeding and non-gluten factors is essential for disease prevention.
  • The Swedish celiac disease epidemic's uniqueness is questioned based on postepidemic trends.
Abstract

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