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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method
16:07

Determination of the Relative Potency of an Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) by Neutralizing TNF Using an In Vitro Bioanalytical Method

Published on: September 16, 2017

Molecular mechanism of signaling by tumor necrosis factor

Jikun Zha1, Hongbing Shu

  • 1College of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.

Science in China. Series C, Life Sciences
|September 3, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key cytokine influencing cell growth, inflammation, and apoptosis via TNF-R1 and TNF-R2 receptors. This review details the molecular mechanisms of major TNF signaling pathways, including NF-kappa B and JNK.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine with critical roles in cellular processes.
  • TNF exerts its effects through binding to its receptors, TNF-R1 and TNF-R2.
  • Understanding TNF signaling is crucial for comprehending immune responses and inflammatory diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms of major signal transduction pathways activated by TNF.
  • To elucidate how TNF binding to its receptors initiates downstream cellular events.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of TNF-mediated apoptosis, NF-kappa B, and JNK activation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on TNF signaling.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms involved in TNF receptor activation.
  • Discussion of key signaling molecules and pathways, including NF-kappa B and JNK.

Main Results:

  • TNF initiates distinct signaling cascades upon binding to TNF-R1 and TNF-R2.
  • Key pathways include those leading to apoptosis, NF-kappa B activation, and JNK phosphorylation.
  • These pathways regulate diverse cellular responses, including inflammation and cell death.

Conclusions:

  • TNF signaling is complex, involving multiple interconnected pathways.
  • The molecular mechanisms of TNF-induced apoptosis, NF-kappa B, and JNK activation are critical for biological outcomes.
  • Further research into these pathways may reveal therapeutic targets for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

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