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Flow Cytometry

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The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Characterization of Aquatic Biofilms with Flow Cytometry

Characterization of Aquatic Biofilms with Flow Cytometry

Published on: June 6, 2018

Flow cytometers for characterization of microorganisms.

¹Norsk Hydro Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway.

Current Protocols in Cytometry

|September 5, 2008

Summary

Flow cytometry is crucial for measuring microbes, but their small size presents challenges for instruments. This guide addresses these difficulties, instrument needs, and optimization strategies for microbiological analysis.

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Cytometry

Background:

Microbial measurement is a growing application in flow cytometry.
The small size of microbes poses challenges for instruments designed for larger eukaryotic cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the challenges in microbiological flow cytometry.
To detail instrument requirements for microbial analysis.
To suggest optimization approaches for flow cytometers in microbiology.

Main Methods:

Discussion of challenges in microbial size measurement.
Analysis of flow cytometer instrument requirements.
Exploration of instrument optimization techniques.

Main Results:

Identification of specific difficulties in microbial flow cytometry.

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Characterization of Aquatic Biofilms with Flow Cytometry

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Defined requirements for instruments used in microbiological applications.

Presented strategies for optimizing flow cytometer performance for microbes.

Conclusions:

Addressing instrument limitations is key for accurate microbial flow cytometry.
Optimization strategies can enhance the utility of flow cytometry in microbiology.
This background is essential for understanding microbiological applications in flow cytometry.