Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

Overview of Electron Microscopy

Overview of Electron Microscopy

The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.

Transmission Electron Microscopy

Transmission Electron Microscopy

In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400 keV in...

Overview of Microscopy Techniques

Overview of Microscopy Techniques

The early pioneers of microscopy opened a window into the invisible world of microorganisms. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes that leveraged nonvisible light, such as fluorescence microscopy that uses an ultraviolet light source and electron microscopy that uses short-wavelength electron beams. These advances significantly improved magnification, image resolution, and contrast. By comparison, the...

Two-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

Two-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

Two-dimensional (2D) microscopy encompasses a range of optical techniques that capture images within a single focal plane, offering detailed representations of microscopic structures. These techniques are essential in biological and medical research, enabling the visualization of cellular and subcellular structures with different levels of contrast and specificity.There are several major types of 2D microscopy, each with strengths and applications.Bright-Field MicroscopyBright-field microscopy...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Utilization of antibody for the localization of metals and dyes in the tissues.

The American journal of roentgenology and radium therapy·2010

Same author

Lumbosacral roentgenograms of one hundred soldiers; a control study.

The American journal of roentgenology and radium therapy·2010

Same author

Nucleotide and nucleic acid content of human tissues.

Federation proceedings·2010

Same author

Microscope alignment.

Current protocols in cytometry·2008

Same author

How to develop a written progress report following a Joint Commission home care survey.

Home healthcare nurse·2002

Same author

2001-2002 Joint Commission Home Care Manual: what's new? Part 1.

Home healthcare nurse·2002

Same journal

Detection and Sorting of Extracellular Vesicles and Viruses Using nanoFACS.

Current protocols in cytometry·2020

Same journal

Live Imaging of the Lung.

Current protocols in cytometry·2020

Same journal

Small Particle Fluorescence and Light Scatter Calibration Using FCM<sub>PASS</sub> Software.

Current protocols in cytometry·2020

Same journal

Optimized Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy for Imaging Chromatin Structure in Pathological Tissue.

Current protocols in cytometry·2020

Same journal

Flow Cytometric Quantification of Granulocytic Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Unlysed Whole Blood.

Current protocols in cytometry·2020

Same journal

Practical Guidelines for Collection, Manipulation and Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Clinical Specimens.

Current protocols in cytometry·2020

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Major Components of the Light Microscope

Major Components of the Light Microscope

Published on: July 31, 2008

Microscope objectives.

M Abramowitz¹, M M Friedman

¹Olympus America Inc., Melville, New York, USA.

Current Protocols in Cytometry

|September 5, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding microscope objectives is key for accurate image cytometry. This guide covers objective types, aberrations, and their correction for optimal microscopy applications.

More Related Videos

Quantitative Optical Microscopy: Measurement of Cellular Biophysical Features with a Standard Optical Microscope

Quantitative Optical Microscopy: Measurement of Cellular Biophysical Features with a Standard Optical Microscope

Published on: April 7, 2014

A Guide to Build a Highly Inclined Swept Tile Microscope for Extended Field-of-view Single-molecule Imaging

A Guide to Build a Highly Inclined Swept Tile Microscope for Extended Field-of-view Single-molecule Imaging

Published on: April 8, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Major Components of the Light Microscope

Major Components of the Light Microscope

Published on: July 31, 2008

Quantitative Optical Microscopy: Measurement of Cellular Biophysical Features with a Standard Optical Microscope

Quantitative Optical Microscopy: Measurement of Cellular Biophysical Features with a Standard Optical Microscope

Published on: April 7, 2014

A Guide to Build a Highly Inclined Swept Tile Microscope for Extended Field-of-view Single-molecule Imaging

A Guide to Build a Highly Inclined Swept Tile Microscope for Extended Field-of-view Single-molecule Imaging

Published on: April 8, 2019

Area of Science:

Microscopy
Optical Engineering
Image Analysis

Background:

Microscope objectives are critical for image formation.
Selecting the correct objective is essential for precise image cytometry.
Understanding objective characteristics ensures optimal performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of microscope objectives.
To discuss aberrations in image formation and their correction.
To guide the selection of appropriate objectives for image cytometry and other microscopy applications.

Main Methods:

Review of objective construction and types.
Discussion of optical aberrations and correction techniques.
Analysis of advantages and limitations of various objectives.

Main Results:

Detailed explanation of different objective types and their properties.
Identification of common aberrations and methods for their mitigation.
Comparison of objectives for image cytometry versus other microscopy uses.

Conclusions:

Knowledge of objective characteristics is vital for effective image cytometry.
Proper selection and understanding of objectives enhance microscopy image quality.
This unit serves as a critical resource for microscope users.