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Related Concept Videos

The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.

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Techniques of Endoscopic Ossiculoplasty
09:07

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Post-traumatic otosclerosis: coincidence or trigger factor?

J F Polanski1, M F M Quispe, F Felix

  • 1G. Portmann Institute, Curitiba, Brazil.

Revue De Laryngologie - Otologie - Rhinologie
|September 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trauma may play a role in otosclerosis, a poorly understood inner ear condition. This study examined three cases linking head trauma to otosclerosis, suggesting environmental factors warrant further investigation.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Genetics
  • Environmental Medicine

Background:

  • Otosclerosis etiology remains unclear, with both genetic and environmental factors suspected.
  • Investigating the role of trauma in otosclerosis development is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms.

Observation:

  • Presents three clinical cases of otosclerosis in patients with a history of head trauma.
  • All patients were surgically treated for clinically diagnosed otosclerosis.

Findings:

  • Head trauma is a potential environmental factor implicated in otosclerosis development.
  • The specific mechanisms linking trauma to otosclerosis are currently unknown.

Implications:

  • Highlights the need for further research into the environmental triggers of otosclerosis.
  • Suggests trauma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of otosclerosis, although such cases appear rare.