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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
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Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
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Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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Approaching ADHD as a chronic condition: implications for long-term adherence.

Jeanne Van Cleave1, Laurel K Leslie

  • 1Center for Child and Adolescent Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
|September 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment adherence is poor in youth. This article proposes the Chronic Care Model for Child Health to improve care quality by engaging patients and healthcare teams.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Chronic Disease Management
  • Healthcare Models

Background:

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent childhood chronic condition.
  • Established ADHD treatments exist, yet long-term therapy adherence remains a significant challenge for youth.
  • Existing guidelines for ADHD care in primary settings have not fully resolved adherence issues.

Observation:

  • Youth with ADHD exhibit poor adherence to long-term evidence-based treatments.
  • Current care models may not adequately support sustained engagement with ADHD therapies.
  • Proactive healthcare interactions and informed patient engagement are crucial for chronic condition management.

Findings:

  • The Chronic Care Model for Child Health is proposed as a framework to enhance ADHD care.
  • This model comprises six pillars: decision support, delivery system design, clinical information systems, family and self-management support, community resources and policies, and health care organizations.
  • Implementing this model aims to foster informed, activated patients interacting with prepared, proactive healthcare teams.

Implications:

  • Adoption of the Chronic Care Model for Child Health can potentially improve the quality of care for pediatric ADHD.
  • This approach may lead to better patient outcomes and more effective management of ADHD in children and adolescents.
  • The model offers a structured strategy for optimizing chronic care delivery in pediatric settings.