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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term proteomics...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...

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Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Chemical Affinity-Based Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Biofluids for Proteomics and Phosphoproteomics Analysis
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Published on: October 27, 2023

Proteomic profiling of exosomes: current perspectives.

Richard J Simpson1, Søren S Jensen, Justin W E Lim

  • 1Joint Proteomics Laboratory, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. richard.simpson@ludwig.edu.au

Proteomics
|September 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exosomes are tiny vesicles secreted by cells, found in body fluids. These nanoparticles carry proteins, mRNA, and microRNA, potentially mediating cell communication and disease spread.

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Using Nanoplasmon-Enhanced Scattering and Low-Magnification Microscope Imaging to Quantify Tumor-Derived Exosomes

Published on: May 24, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles originating from endocytosis.
  • They are present in various bodily fluids and secreted by most cell types.
  • Their biological roles, including intercellular communication, are under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the physical properties defining exosomes.
  • To highlight their molecular composition and potential functions.
  • To discuss their implications in physiological and pathological processes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on exosome research.
  • Analysis of studies utilizing mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics.
  • Examination of findings related to exosome cargo (proteins, RNA).

Main Results:

  • Exosomes contain common and distinct protein subsets related to cell function.
  • They are implicated in antigen presentation, cell signaling, and morphogen spread.
  • Exosomes transport mRNA and microRNA, enabling intercellular genetic material transfer.
  • Evidence suggests exosome involvement in pathological conditions like prion and viral infections.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomes are key mediators of intercellular communication.
  • Their distinct molecular cargo influences cellular functions and disease states.
  • Understanding exosome physical properties is crucial for defining their biological roles.