Related Experiment Videos
The evaluation of school-based violence prevention programs: a meta-analysis.
Hyoun-Kyoung Park-Higgerson1, Suzanne E Perumean-Chaney, Alfred A Bartolucci
1The Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
The Journal of School Health
|September 13, 2008
Summary
This meta-analysis found no significant differences in school-based violence prevention program effectiveness based on most characteristics. However, single-approach interventions showed a mild positive effect in reducing aggressive behavior.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Psychology
- Education
Background:
- Youth violence is a significant public health concern with wide-ranging impacts.
- Effective school-based prevention programs are crucial for mitigating these issues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and evaluate characteristics of successful school-based violence prevention programs.
- To assess the impact of 5 program characteristics on reducing youth aggression and violence.
Main Methods:
- A meta-analysis of 26 randomized controlled trial (RCT) school-based studies.
- Intervention groups were compared to control groups (no intervention) using standardized mean difference.
Main Results:
- No significant differences were found for 4 of the 5 program characteristics evaluated.
- Programs using non-theory-based interventions, targeting at-risk/older children, or using specialists showed slightly stronger effects.
- Single-approach interventions had a mild positive effect on reducing aggressive and violent behavior (effect size = -0.15).
Conclusions:
- This meta-analysis did not find differential effects for most program characteristics, contrary to some prior findings.
- The complexity of identifying effective violence prevention strategies is highlighted.
- The study contributes to understanding factors influencing the success of school-based violence prevention programs.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Community Based Intervention
Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
02:01Group Design
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between the two are due to...
01:20Study Designs in Epidemiology
Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies.
01:29Bias in Epidemiological Studies
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
01:29Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model
The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
01:18Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II
The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...