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Related Concept Videos

Brain Waves01:23

Brain Waves

Brain waves are electrical signals generated by the neurons in the brain, which are regularly monitored to measure mental activities. Brain waves and their frequency ranges can be measured using an electroencephalogram or EEG. There are four main types of brain waves, each with distinct characteristics:
Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures ll: Types01:19

Seizures ll: Types

Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...
Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
10:22

Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy

Published on: December 6, 2016

Broad sharp waves-an underrecognized EEG pattern in patients with epileptic seizures.

Gerhard Bauer1, Richard Bauer, Judith Dobesberger

  • 1Departments of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. gerhard.bauer@i-med.ac.at

Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society
|September 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Broad sharp waves (BSWs), a rare EEG pattern, strongly indicate epileptic seizures. These waves are linked to acute or remote cerebral lesions, highlighting their clinical significance in diagnosing neurological conditions.

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Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
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Equipment Setup and Artifact Removal for Simultaneous Electroencephalogram and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Clinical Review in Epilepsy
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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Broad sharp waves (BSWs) are an infrequently observed electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern.
  • BSWs are characterized as focal or lateralized high-voltage, biphasic, sharply contoured waves occurring at 0.5 to 1 Hz.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish EEG criteria for BSWs.
  • To determine the frequency and clinical significance of BSWs.
  • To investigate the association between BSWs and epileptic seizures.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective collection of EEG records exhibiting BSWs over a 2-year period.
  • Analysis of clinical variables and seizure history in patients with BSWs.
  • Evaluation of the etiological factors and seizure classification in the studied cohort.

Main Results:

  • BSWs were identified in 48 patients (0.6% of total EEG records).
  • The majority of BSWs (79%) were frontally located.
  • A high positive predictive value (98%) for epileptic seizures was observed, with symptomatic etiology in most cases.

Conclusions:

  • BSWs represent a significant epileptiform EEG pattern.
  • BSWs serve as a crucial indicator of acute and/or remote cerebral lesions.
  • The presence of BSWs warrants further investigation for underlying neurological pathology and epilepsy.