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Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

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Published on: June 29, 2021

The frequency effect in second-language visual word recognition.

Wouter Duyck1, Dieter Vanderelst, Timothy Desmet

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. wouter.duyck@ugent.be

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|September 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bilinguals exhibit a larger word frequency effect in their second language compared to their first. This finding impacts models of word recognition in unbalanced bilingualism, suggesting language-dependent processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Second Language Acquisition

Background:

  • Word recognition models often focus on monolingual processing.
  • Unbalanced bilingualism presents unique challenges for understanding language processing.
  • The role of word frequency in visual word recognition is well-established in monolinguals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the word frequency effect in a bilingual's first language (L1) versus second language (L2).
  • To investigate how bilingual word recognition data constrains existing cognitive models.
  • To explore the implications for theories of implicit learning and serial search models.

Main Methods:

  • Lexical decision tasks were administered to Dutch-English bilinguals.
  • Visual word recognition performance was measured in both L1 (Dutch) and L2 (English).
  • Experiment 2 involved monolingual English speakers for comparison.

Main Results:

  • Bilinguals demonstrated a significantly larger word frequency effect in their L2 compared to their L1.
  • Corpus word frequencies were matched across languages to control for this variable.
  • Monolingual English speakers showed a frequency effect comparable to the bilinguals' L1 effect.

Conclusions:

  • Existing word recognition models require adjustments to account for unbalanced bilingualism.
  • Findings support theories where frequency effects stem from implicit learning.
  • Results are consistent with serial search models if language-dependent scanning speeds or non-language-specific bins are assumed.