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Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
10:28

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Published on: November 16, 2018

Soft-tissue augmentation with calcium hydroxylapatite: histological analysis.

Allison M Holzapfel1, Devinder S Mangat, David S Barron

  • 1Mangat-Kuy Plastic Surgery Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Holzapfel@renewyourlooks.com

Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery
|September 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) injections for soft-tissue augmentation showed no new collagen formation. Histological evaluation revealed immune responses, including lymphocytic infiltration and foreign body giant cells, surrounding CaHA particles.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Soft-tissue augmentation is a common cosmetic procedure.
  • Calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) is a frequently used dermal filler.
  • Understanding the histological response to CaHA is crucial for assessing its long-term efficacy and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To histologically evaluate tissue in-growth and character following calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) injection for soft-tissue augmentation.
  • To assess the host tissue response to CaHA filler over time.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective case series of 8 patients undergoing subdermal CaHA injection.
  • Histological evaluation of excised injected material at 1, 6, and 18 months post-injection.
  • Staining with hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome to assess collagen deposition and tissue reaction.

Main Results:

  • CaHA particles were consistently surrounded by a lymphocytic infiltrate and foreign body giant cells.
  • No evidence of new collagen formation, filler migration, or heterotopic bone growth was observed.
  • The filler appeared stable, eliciting a foreign body reaction without significant tissue integration.

Conclusions:

  • Calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) functions as a stable soft-tissue filler.
  • CaHA stimulates an immune response characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and foreign body giant cell formation.
  • No new collagen formation was detected at any time point (1, 6, or 18 months) after injection.