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Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Beck's Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
Arbitrary Inference
Arbitrary inference involves making conclusions without sufficient...
The Influence of Cognition on Affect01:29

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be interpreted as...
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy01:24

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Cognitive processing in bipolar disorder conceptualized using the Interactive Cognitive Subsystems (ICS) model.

C L Lomax1, P J Barnard, D Lam

  • 1Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. c.lomax@iop.kcl.ac.uk

Psychological Medicine
|September 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) show a cognitive bias towards abstract processing, answering questions consistent with prevailing schemas more often than controls. This tendency may contribute to affective disturbances in BD.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Bipolar disorder (BD) presents varied affective processing challenges.
  • The Interacting Cognitive Subsystems (ICS) framework offers a model for manic states.
  • Positive mood in BD may involve extreme implicational processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive processing differences in bipolar disorder.
  • To test the hypothesis of altered schema processing in BD.
  • To examine mood state effects on cognitive bias in BD.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty individuals with BD and 30 controls participated.
  • Participants completed a Question-Answer task in euthymic and induced positive mood states.
  • The task assessed discrepancy detection within sentence schemas.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in discrepancy detection between groups.
  • The BD group consistently favored schema-consistent answers.
  • This bias was present both before and after mood induction.

Conclusions:

  • Bipolar disorder may involve a general cognitive bias towards abstract representation.
  • This abstract processing tendency could increase vulnerability to affective disturbances.
  • Further research is needed to confirm these findings.