The perispinal spaces. Constitution, organization and relations with the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Anatomy
• Physiology

Background:

• The spinal cord is protected by three meningeal membranes: pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater.
• Understanding meningeal structure is crucial for comprehending cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics and spinal cord physiology.
• Previous studies have focused on cranial meninges, with less emphasis on detailed spinal meningeal anatomy and CSF resorption.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive description of the anatomical structures of the three meningeal membranes surrounding the spinal cord.
• To elucidate the relationship between meningeal layers, spinal vessels, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
• To discuss the physiology of CSF, including its secretion, circulation, and spinal resorption mechanisms.

Main Methods:

• Detailed anatomical description of the meningeal layers (pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid mater).
• Morphological and structural analysis of the denticulate ligament.
• Examination of meningeal sleeves of spinal nerves.
• Review of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) physiology and resorption pathways.

Main Results:

• The pia mater is described as having a deep and superficial layer, explaining its interaction with spinal vessels and CSF.
• The morphology, structure, and anatomical significance of the denticulate ligament are defined.
• Meningeal structures analogous to cranial arachnoidal granulations are identified, and CSF secretion, circulation, and spinal resorption via lymphatic or venous routes are discussed.

Conclusions:

• The study provides a detailed anatomical account of the spinal meninges and their relationship with the spinal cord and CSF.
• It highlights the importance of meningeal structure in CSF physiology and spinal resorption.
• The findings contribute to a better understanding of CSF dynamics within the spinal compartment.