Related Experiment Videos

Typhilitis in the pediatric patient

Cathy Haut1

  • 1Children's Hospital at Sinai, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Maryland 21215, USA. chaut@lifebridgehealth.org

Journal of Infusion Nursing : the Official Publication of the Infusion Nurses Society
|September 23, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Typhilitis, a serious complication of cancer treatment, affects immunocompromised children. Vigilant nursing care is crucial for early detection and management of this gastrointestinal issue in pediatric oncology patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunocompromised Host

Background:

  • Childhood cancer survival rates are improving due to advanced treatments like chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation.
  • Typhilitis, or neutropenic enterocolitis, is a severe complication impacting immunocompromised children undergoing intensive cancer therapy or post-stem cell transplant.

Observation:

  • Emerging research indicates typhilitis may be linked to various cancers and immunocompromised conditions in both pediatric and adult populations.
  • The exact causes and frequency of typhilitis remain unclear, highlighting a gap in current medical understanding.

Findings:

  • The pathogenesis of typhilitis is not well-understood, with limited data on its incidence.
  • Effective nursing assessment and prompt intervention are vital for managing gastrointestinal complications like typhilitis in pediatric cancer patients.

Implications:

  • Enhanced vigilance in nursing care is essential for preventing and managing typhilitis in children undergoing cancer treatment.
  • Further research into typhilitis pathogenesis and incidence is needed to improve patient outcomes in pediatric oncology.

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
Tonsillitis II: Management01:26

Tonsillitis II: Management

This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
Streptococcal Pharyngitis01:27

Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Streptococcal pharyngitis, commonly known as “strep throat,” is an acute infection of the oropharyngeal tissues caused by the Gram‑positive Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes). Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, or talking.Mechanisms of Host Entry and Immune EvasionUpon entering the host, S. pyogenes adheres to the mucosal epithelial cells of the pharynx via surface proteins, notably lipoteichoic acid and the antiphagocytic...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...