Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Activation Using Respiratory Motor Control Assessment (RMCA) in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
09:37

Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Activation Using Respiratory Motor Control Assessment (RMCA) in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: July 19, 2013

Classification of musculoskeletal spinal conditions*

H D Saunders

    The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed

    Related Concept Videos

    Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

    Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

    The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
    Musculoskeletal disorders
    Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
    Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants01:28

    Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

    Skeletal muscle relaxants are a group of drugs that can reduce muscle stiffness and induce temporary paralysis to relieve pain. These agents can act centrally to reduce muscle tone or spasms in painful conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or spinal injuries; they are called antispasmodics or spasmolytics.
    Peripherally acting skeletal muscle relaxants interfere with the neurotransmission at the neuromuscular end plate to induce paralysis during...
    Functional Classification of Joints01:09

    Functional Classification of Joints

    Functional Classification of Joints
    The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
    Synarthrosis
    An immobile...
    Classification of Bones01:18

    Classification of Bones

    The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
    Long and Short Bones
    The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The long...
    Muscles of the Vertebral Column01:27

    Muscles of the Vertebral Column

    The back muscles that lie deep into the thoracolumbar fascia are called intrinsic or true back muscles. These muscles are divided into four layers: superficial, intermediate, deep, and deepest layers.
    Superficial Layer:
    The superficial layer consists primarily of the splenius muscles, which include the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis. These muscles are mainly responsible for the head and cervical spine movements, including extension, rotation, and lateral bending. The splenius capitis...
    Naming Skeletal Muscles01:19

    Naming Skeletal Muscles

    The naming of the approximately 700 muscles in the human body is based on a set of criteria designed to provide descriptive information about each muscle, making it easier to identify and remember them.
    The key factors used in naming muscles include: