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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-Based Flexible Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Substrate for Ultrasensitive Detection
03:33

Fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-Based Flexible Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Substrate for Ultrasensitive Detection

Published on: November 17, 2023

Towards quantitatively reproducible substrates for SERS.

Roger M Jarvis1, Helen E Johnson, Emma Olembe

  • 1School of Chemistry, Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, UKM1 7DN. roger.jarvis@manchester.ac.uk

The Analyst
|September 24, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method for assessing the reproducibility of colloidal surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. Using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) with SERS experiments ensures reliable data for applied studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Colloidal surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates are crucial for sensitive chemical detection.
  • Reproducibility challenges hinder the widespread application of SERS in various scientific fields.
  • A standardized method for assessing SERS substrate reproducibility is currently lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an objective method for evaluating the reproducibility of colloidal SERS substrates.
  • To demonstrate the utility of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) in SERS data analysis.
  • To facilitate the adoption of SERS in applied research by ensuring substrate reliability.

Main Methods:

  • Designed SERS experiments utilizing colloidal substrates.
  • Employed multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) for statistical assessment of SERS data.
  • Used cresyl violet as a model analyte to demonstrate the method's efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated an objective assessment of colloidal SERS reproducibility using MANOVA.
  • The proposed method provides a reliable framework for evaluating SERS substrate performance.
  • The approach is adaptable for various analytes requiring reproducible SERS data.

Conclusions:

  • The integration of SERS experiments with MANOVA offers a robust solution for assessing substrate reproducibility.
  • This methodology addresses a critical need for reliable SERS substrates in applied science.
  • The developed technique can be extended to diverse analytes, promoting broader SERS application.