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Tissue persistence of parvovirus B19 genotypes in asymptomatic persons

Fabiana Corcioli1, Krystyna Zakrzewska, Alessio Rinieri

  • 1Department of Public Health, University of Firenze, Italy.

Journal of Medical Virology
|September 25, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Parvovirus B19 (B19V) DNA frequently persists in asymptomatic individuals, predominantly in solid tissues, with genotype 2 being the most common. This suggests the virus remains dormant at low levels.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is known to persist in individuals, even without symptoms or high viral loads.
  • The extent and tissue distribution of this persistent B19V infection remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency and tissue distribution of persistent Parvovirus B19 (B19V) genotypes in asymptomatic individuals.
  • To quantify viral load and detect viral gene expression in affected tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 139 tissue samples and 102 sera from asymptomatic individuals.
  • Utilized consensus and genotype-specific PCRs for B19V detection and genotyping.
  • Quantified viral load using real-time PCR and detected viral mRNA via RT-PCR.

Main Results:

  • B19V DNA was detected in 51% of individuals, more prevalent in solid tissues (65%) than bone marrow (20%).
  • Genotype 2 was the most frequent persistent genotype (68%), followed by genotype 1 (28%).
  • Viral load varied, with most samples showing low copy numbers, and viral mRNA was detected in only two bone marrow samples.

Conclusions:

  • Parvovirus B19 (B19V) persistence is common in asymptomatic individuals, particularly in solid tissues.
  • Genotype 2 demonstrates a higher frequency of persistence compared to genotype 1.
  • The findings suggest that persistent B19V exists at sub-replicative, sub-immunogenic levels.

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