A mandibular second premolar with three canals and atypical orifices

Area of Science:

• Endodontics
• Dental Anatomy

Background:

• Mandibular second premolars typically present with a single root canal and one or two pulp chamber orifices.
• Variations in root canal anatomy, such as the Type V Vertucci classification (three canals), are uncommon.

Observation:

• This case report details an endodontic case involving a mandibular second premolar with a Type V Vertucci canal configuration.
• The pulpal floor anatomy was atypical, featuring a distobuccal and a distolingual orifice at the same level, and an additional orifice on the mesiolingual wall.

Findings:

• The identified root canal anatomy was a rare Type V classification according to Vertucci's system.
• The unusual orifice arrangement on the pulp chamber floor required meticulous inspection for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

Implications:

• Accurate identification of all root canal orifices is crucial for successful endodontic treatment.
• Clinicians should employ magnification and careful exploration to detect rare anatomical variations in mandibular second premolars.
• Understanding these anomalies can improve endodontic treatment outcomes and prevent procedural errors.