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Updated: Jun 30, 2026
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Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
Published on: February 9, 2021
[Qualitative and quantitative analysis of urolithiasis with the Rietveld method (x-ray diffraction)]
H Euler1, H P Bastian, P J Bastian
1Kristallograph - Mineraloge, An den Obstgärten 30, 53343, Wachtberg, Deutschland. hj.euler@t-online.de
Der Urologe. Ausg. A
|September 27, 2008
Summary
The Rietveld method enables precise, standard-free crystallographic analysis of urinary stones. This innovative X-ray diffraction technique accurately quantifies stone components, aiding in detecting changes and guiding therapy.
Area of Science:
- Crystallography
- Materials Science
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- The Rietveld method is a key innovation in X-ray diffraction analysis.
- It has been newly applied to standard-free quantitative crystallographic analysis of urinary stones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate the capability of the Rietveld method for precise quantitative phase analysis of urinary stones.
- To evaluate its accuracy in determining the composition of complex urinary stone mixtures.
Main Methods:
- Application of the Rietveld method, a quantitative phase analysis technique.
- Analysis of a synthetic mixture containing five common urinary stone components (whewellite, hydroxylapatite, brushite, struvite, uric acid) at 20% each by weight.
Main Results:
- The Rietveld method achieved a mean absolute error of 1.6% for weight fractions of urinary stone components.
- The highest error was 2.3% for hydroxylapatite, attributed to its poor crystallinity.
Conclusions:
- X-ray diffraction combined with Rietveld refinement is the preferred method for qualitative and quantitative phase analysis of urinary stones.
- This approach allows precise detection of changes in weight fractions for recurrent stones, informing therapeutic decisions.
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