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Related Concept Videos

The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

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Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
07:27

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Published on: April 29, 2010

Dividing the workload at a eukaryotic replication fork.

Thomas A Kunkel1, Peter M Burgers

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory of Structural Biology, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute of Health, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. kunkel@niehs.nih.gov

Trends in Cell Biology
|October 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilon are crucial for eukaryotic genome replication. Recent studies suggest DNA polymerase epsilon copies the leading strand, while DNA polymerase delta copies the lagging strand during replication.

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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Eukaryotic nuclear genome replication relies on DNA polymerases (Pols) alpha, delta, and epsilon.
  • DNA polymerase alpha initiates replication, but the distinct roles of Pol delta and Pol epsilon in chain elongation remain debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the division of labor between DNA polymerase delta and epsilon during eukaryotic DNA replication.
  • To evaluate existing models in light of recent findings from diagnostic mutator polymerases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of recent studies utilizing diagnostic mutator polymerases.
  • Review of earlier research on DNA polymerase functions.
  • Theoretical modeling of polymerase roles at the replication fork.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports a model where Pol epsilon primarily replicates the leading-strand template.
  • Evidence suggests Pol delta primarily replicates the lagging-strand template.

Conclusions:

  • The findings propose a clearer model for DNA polymerase roles in replication fork progression.
  • Further research is needed to explore potential variations in this division of labor.