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Related Concept Videos

Tissues01:18

Tissues

Cells with similar structure and function are grouped into tissues. A group of tissues with a specialized function is called an organ. There are four main types of tissue in vertebrates: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
Tissues01:25

Tissues

Tissues are a group of cells that share a common embryonic origin. Microscopic observation reveals that the cells in a tissue share morphological features and are arranged in an orderly pattern to perform specific functions. From an evolutionary perspective, tissues appear in more complex organisms. Although there are many types of cells in the human body, they are organized into four broad categories of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Each of these categories is...
Levels of Organization01:09

Levels of Organization

Biological organization is the classification of biological structures, ranging from atoms at the bottom of the hierarchy to the Earth's biosphere. Each level of the hierarchy represents an increase in complexity that builds upon the previous level.Molecules Are Composed of Atoms, and Biomolecules Are Assembled from Molecules:The most basic levels include atoms, molecules, and biomolecules. Atoms, the smallest unit of ordinary matter, are composed of a nucleus and electrons. Molecules comprise...
Cell Diversity01:13

Cell Diversity

The concept of a cell started with microscopic observations of dead cork tissue by Robert Hooke in 1665. Hooke coined the term "cell" based on the resemblance of the small subdivisions in the cork to the rooms that monks inhabited, called cells. About ten years later, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek became the first person to observe the living and moving cells under a microscope. In the century that followed, the theory that cells represented the basic unit of life developed.
Multicellular organisms...
The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.Composition of the Extracellular MatrixThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse molecules.
The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

The Multi-organ Chip - A Microfluidic Platform for Long-term Multi-tissue Coculture
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Published on: April 28, 2015

Multicellular ecosystems: Linking cellular diversity to tissue function and disease.

Qiang Shi1, Fei Tang1, Yihan Chen1

  • 1Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, State Key Laboratory of Metabolic Dysregulation & Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Trends in Cell Biology
|June 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding tissue ecosystems is key to health and disease. This review explores how cell interactions drive tissue function and offers new strategies for disease intervention and regenerative medicine.

Keywords:
cellular censuscomputational frameworksmulticellular coordinationsingle-cell and spatial genomicstranslational systems medicine

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Last Updated: Jun 26, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Multicellular ecosystems
  • Tissue biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Tissue function relies on coordinated cell interactions, which are disrupted in disease.
  • Single-cell and spatial genomics have advanced our understanding of cellular diversity and tissue organization.
  • Current research is moving towards functional, system-level tissue representations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline frameworks for dissecting multicellular coordination.
  • To highlight common multicellular ecosystems in health and disease.
  • To explore translational applications in medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual frameworks for analyzing multicellular coordination.
  • Methodological approaches for studying tissue ecosystems.
  • Review of existing literature and research findings.

Main Results:

  • Recurrent multicellular ecosystem patterns identified across various contexts.
  • Established links between cellular diversity and emergent tissue function.
  • Identified translational opportunities for patient stratification and therapy.

Conclusions:

  • A tissue ecosystem framework unifies cellular diversity with emergent function.
  • This approach informs novel strategies for disease intervention and regenerative medicine.
  • Understanding multicellular coordination is crucial for advancing tissue biology.