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Related Concept Videos

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light02:00

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
Protein Transport to the Outer Chloroplast Membrane01:11

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Two models describe the mechanism of precursor recognition and entry across the outer membrane through the TOC complex. Model 1 suggests the newly synthesized precursor binds to the TOC receptor 159 and forms a complex.
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes02:19

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A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred irrespective...
Protein Transport to the Inner Chloroplast Membrane01:18

Protein Transport to the Inner Chloroplast Membrane

Proteins targeted to the inner chloroplast membrane, or plastid proteins, are transported by two general pathways: the stop-transfer and the re-insertion or post-import pathways. Most plastid proteins carry N-terminal transit sequences and internal import sequences targeting it to the specific chloroplast subcompartment. Proteins targeted by the stop-transfer pathway have internal hydrophobic sequences that inhibit their translocation into the stroma. As a result, these precursors are arrested...

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Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Investigating Tissue- and Organ-specific Phytochrome Responses using FACS-assisted Cell-type Specific Expression Profiling in Arabidopsis thaliana
10:10

Investigating Tissue- and Organ-specific Phytochrome Responses using FACS-assisted Cell-type Specific Expression Profiling in Arabidopsis thaliana

Published on: May 29, 2010

Transposing phytochrome into the nucleus.

Christian Fankhauser1, Meng Chen

  • 1Centre for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, Lausanne, Switzerland. christian.fankhauser@unil.ch

Trends in Plant Science
|October 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phytochromes control plant responses by regulating gene expression. Specific nuclear import pathways for phytochrome A (phyA) may explain its unique light sensing roles.

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Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Investigating Tissue- and Organ-specific Phytochrome Responses using FACS-assisted Cell-type Specific Expression Profiling in Arabidopsis thaliana
10:10

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Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
09:32

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

Published on: June 15, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Phytochromes are key photoreceptors regulating plant physiological responses.
  • Light-controlled translocation of phytochromes into the nucleus is crucial for signal transduction.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for plant science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of phytochrome nuclear translocation.
  • To investigate the specific nuclear import pathway of phytochrome A (phyA).
  • To explore how subcellular phytochrome localization influences distinct light responses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent publications.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms.
  • Comparative study of phytochrome pathways.

Main Results:

  • Phytochromes directly modulate gene expression for physiological control.
  • Light-induced nuclear translocation is a key regulatory step.
  • A distinct nuclear import pathway exists for phytochrome A (phyA).

Conclusions:

  • The dedicated phyA nuclear import pathway may confer distinct photosensory specificity.
  • Further research into phytochrome subcellular pools can reveal control over specific light responses.