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Student t Distribution

Student t Distribution

The population standard deviation is rarely known in many day-to-day examples of statistics. When the sample sizes are large, it is easy to estimate the population standard deviation using a confidence interval, which provides results close enough to the original value. However, statisticians ran into problems when the sample size was small. A small sample size caused inaccuracies in the confidence interval.
The Student t distribution was developed by William S. Goset (1876–1937) of the...

Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test

Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test

The t-test is a statistical method used to compare the sample mean with a population mean or compare two means from two data sets. The test statistic is calculated from the standard deviation, mean, and number of measurements in the data set at a selected confidence interval and then compared to a table of critical values at this confidence level. If the test statistic is smaller than the critical value, the null hypothesis is accepted. In this case, we state that the difference between the...

Microsoft Excel: Student's t-Test

Microsoft Excel: Student's t-Test

Student's t-test in Microsoft Excel is a statistical method used to compare the means of two groups to determine if they are significantly different from each other. It's commonly used to evaluate hypotheses, such as testing whether a treatment has an effect compared to a control group. Excel provides built-in functions to perform t-tests, making it accessible for users needing to conduct basic statistical analysis.
To conduct a t-test in Excel, use the T.TEST function or the "Data Analysis...

Case Studies

Case Studies

There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.

Optimization Problems

Optimization Problems

Optimization problems often involve identifying maximum or minimum values under specific constraints. A well-known example is determining the longest horizontal pipe that can be moved around a right-angled corner, where a 3-meter-wide hallway meets a 2-meter-wide hallway. This scenario, common in architectural design and industrial transport, can be understood conceptually through geometric and trigonometric reasoning.To visualize the problem, consider the pipe as a straight line that touches...

Surveys

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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

Published on: November 24, 2021

Student's Corner.

IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine : the Quarterly Magazine of the Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society

|October 1, 2008

Summary

A student invented a sugar-based medicine delivery system. This novel approach aims to improve how medications are administered and potentially enhance their effectiveness.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Traditional medicine delivery faces challenges with patient compliance and drug efficacy.
Developing innovative drug delivery systems is crucial for advancing healthcare.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel sugar-based invention for medicine delivery.
To explore the potential of sugar as a matrix for therapeutic agents.

Main Methods:

The study details the invention of a new delivery system.
Specific methods involve the formulation of sugar-based medication.

Main Results:

The invention demonstrates a unique application of sugar in medicine.
Early findings suggest sugar can serve as an effective delivery vehicle.

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Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity

Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity

Published on: February 10, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

Interactive and Visualized Online Experimentation System for Engineering Education and Research

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Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity

Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity

Published on: February 10, 2016

Conclusions:

Sugar can be engineered to function as a therapeutic delivery system.
This innovation holds promise for improving drug administration and patient outcomes.