Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...

Theory of Metallic Conduction

Theory of Metallic Conduction

The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...

Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Fusion

The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...

Production of Formed Elements

Production of Formed Elements

Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...

Sulfur Assimilation

Sulfur Assimilation

Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to become...

Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control

Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control

In precipitation gravimetry, the precipitating agent should react specifically or selectively with the analyte. While a specific reagent reacts with the analyte alone, a selective reagent can react with a limited number of chemical species.
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Combining the KRAS<sup>G12C</sup> inhibitor adagrasib with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy improves overall survival and prevents recurrence in preclinical models of brain metastasis.

Neuro-oncology advances·2026

Same author

Combination of the MTA-Cooperative PRMT5 Inhibitor BMS-986504 and KRAS Inhibitors Is an Effective Treatment Strategy for MTAP-Deleted KRAS-Mutant Pancreatic Cancer.

Cancer research·2025

Same author

Integrating epidemiology and genomics data to estimate the prevalence of acquired cysteine drug targets in the U.S. cancer patient population.

The pharmacogenomics journal·2025

Same author

Impact of Co-mutations and Transcriptional Signatures in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Adagrasib in the KRYSTAL-1 Trial.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2025

Same author

Sitravatinib in combination with nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a phase 1 trial.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Mechanisms of Resistance to Oncogenic KRAS Inhibition in Pancreatic Cancer.

Cancer discovery·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

Published on: November 15, 2013

Experiments on metal-silicate plumes and core formation.

Peter Olson¹, Dayanthie Weeraratne

¹Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. olson@jhu.edu

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences

|October 2, 2008

Summary

Early Earth

Area of Science:

Planetary Science
Geophysics
Experimental Petrology

Background:

Evidence suggests early Earth had a high-temperature core-formation process.
This process involved metal-silicate equilibration in a deep magma ocean.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the dynamics of metal-silicate interactions during early core formation.
To understand the implications for Earth's initial core superheat and mantle plume evolution.

Main Methods:

Laboratory experiments using stratified viscous fluids (sucrose solutions) and liquid gallium.
Simulating magma ocean, mantle, and core-forming metal dynamics.
Analyzing metal diapir formation and plume conduit development.

Main Results:

More Related Videos

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

Published on: June 13, 2015

Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment

Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment

Published on: February 27, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

Published on: November 15, 2013

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

Published on: June 13, 2015

Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment

Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment

Published on: February 27, 2021

Metal diapirs entrain upper layer fluids and form trailing plume conduits.
Viscous dissipation in metal-silicate plumes generates significant initial core superheat.
These plumes can evolve into buoyant thermal plumes.

Conclusions:

Experimental results support an early, high-temperature core-formation model.
Metal-silicate plumes play a crucial role in core formation and may link to later geological activity like hotspots.
The findings have implications for understanding terrestrial planet evolution.