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Sleep apnea in acromegaly.

R R Grunstein1, K Y Ho, C E Sullivan

  • 1Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Annals of Internal Medicine
|October 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Sleep apnea is common in acromegaly patients, with a high prevalence of central sleep apnea. Increased disease activity was linked to central apnea, suggesting altered respiratory control as a potential cause.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Acromegaly, a condition caused by excess growth hormone, is associated with various comorbidities.
  • Sleep apnea is a known complication, but its specific characteristics in acromegaly require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence, nature, and severity of sleep apnea in patients diagnosed with acromegaly.
  • To explore the relationship between sleep apnea, particularly central sleep apnea, and disease activity markers in acromegaly.

Main Methods:

  • A consecutive case series of 53 acromegaly patients was analyzed.
  • Sleep studies were conducted, alongside measurements of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1).

Main Results:

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  • Sleep apnea was diagnosed in 93% of patients with suspected sleep apnea and 60% without suspicion.
  • Central sleep apnea was prevalent (33%) and associated with higher growth hormone and IGF-1 levels compared to obstructive sleep apnea.
  • No significant difference in disease activity markers was found between patients with and without sleep apnea overall.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep apnea is highly prevalent in acromegaly patients.
  • The high rate of central sleep apnea suggests a potential role for altered respiratory control mechanisms in this population.
  • Disease activity in acromegaly is more closely associated with the presence of central sleep apnea than the overall severity of sleep apnea.