Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 29, 2026

10:39
3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
Published on: June 2, 2014
An unusual case of headache
Nishank Jain1, Nitesh Sood, Peter Wade
1University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford, USA.
Connecticut Medicine
|October 7, 2008
Summary
Pineoblastomas are rare brain tumors causing hydrocephalus and headaches. Prompt evaluation of persistent headaches is crucial for early detection and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Pediatric oncology
Background:
- Pineal gland tumors represent a small fraction of adult brain tumors, with pineoblastomas being a less common subtype.
- Pineoblastomas, due to their location, frequently cause obstructive hydrocephalus by compressing the aqueduct of Sylvius.
Observation:
- A case study of a 20-year-old female presenting with new-onset persistent headache is detailed.
- The patient's diagnostic workup confirmed a pineoblastoma.
Findings:
- Pineoblastomas can be identified using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
- Diagnosis is confirmed through cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology, revealing characteristic blue round tumor cells and specific tumor markers.
- Combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy are the standard treatment modalities.
Implications:
- Persistent headaches, particularly new-onset ones, are a common symptom in 50%-60% of intracranial tumors.
- Emphasizes the importance of prompt medical evaluation for all new-onset persistent headaches to ensure timely diagnosis and management of potential underlying conditions like pineoblastoma.
Related Concept Videos
Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction
Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction
A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology
Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...
Brain Abscess l: Introduction
A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...
Cerebral Edema l: Introduction
Cerebral edema is a pathological increase in brain water content that disrupts intracranial pressure regulation and impairs neurological function. Because the cranial vault is rigid, even modest increases in tissue volume can compromise cerebral perfusion, distort neural structures, and initiate secondary injury. Cerebral edema develops through four principal mechanisms: vasogenic, cytotoxic, interstitial, and ionic.Vasogenic EdemaVasogenic edema arises from disruption of the blood–brain...
Veins of Head and Neck
The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...

