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Related Concept Videos

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

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Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

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Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
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Hepatic Portal System01:21

Hepatic Portal System

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The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
At its core, the hepatic portal vein is the result of a confluence of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins along with the splenic vein. Each of these veins has a unique role. The superior mesenteric vein is...
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Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors01:16

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The biliary system of the liver, crucial for bile secretion and drug excretion, comprises intrahepatic bile ducts that merge to form the common hepatic duct. This duct, carrying hepatic bile, combines with the cystic duct, draining the gallbladder and forming the common bile duct, which empties into the duodenum. Bile, produced by hepatic cells lining the bile canaliculi, is composed primarily of water, bile salts, pigments, electrolytes, and lesser amounts of cholesterol and fatty acids. Bile...
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Hepatic Drug Clearance: Role of Transporters01:14

Hepatic Drug Clearance: Role of Transporters

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In the liver and bile canaliculi, influx and efflux transporters modification can influence intrinsic clearance. Transporters play a significant role in moving drugs within liver cells. Elaborate models, such as the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), are essential to relate transporters to drug disposition. This system categorizes drugs into four classes based on solubility and permeability, providing insights into elimination routes and the effects of transporters following oral...
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Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling01:17

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Enterohepatic cycling involves the active secretion of drugs and their metabolites into the bile via transporters in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. This secretion is an integral part of the digestive process, releasing these substances into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
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Measurement of the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Transjugular Liver Biopsy
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Hepatic angiomyolipoma.

Amber A Petrolla1, Wei Xin

  • 1Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. Amber.petrolla@UHhospitals.org

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|October 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatic angiomyolipoma is a rare liver tumor composed of muscle, fat, and vessels. Definitive diagnosis relies on histology and immunohistochemistry, distinguishing it from other liver lesions.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML) is a rare, benign mesenchymal neoplasm.
  • While common in kidneys, the liver is the second most frequent site.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the characteristics of hepatic angiomyolipoma.
  • To outline diagnostic methods and differential diagnoses for HAML.

Main Methods:

  • Histologic examination of surgically resected lesions.
  • Immunohistochemical staining for diagnostic confirmation.

Main Results:

  • HAML comprises smooth muscle cells, adipose tissue, and vessels.
  • Smooth muscle cells are positive for homatropine methylbromide-45, negative for hepatocyte paraffin 1 and S100 protein.
  • Immunohistochemistry differentiates HAML from other liver neoplasms.

Conclusions:

  • Histology and immunohistochemistry are definitive for HAML diagnosis.
  • HAML can be managed conservatively or surgically resected.