Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 29, 2026
The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve
Published on: September 7, 2022
New study design evaluated the validity of measures to assess change after hip or knee arthroplasty
Paul W Stratford1, Deborah M Kennedy, Daniel L Riddle
1School of Rehabilitation Science, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. stratfor@mcmaster.ca
Objective:
We propose a study design to evaluate the ability of measures to assess physical function relatively independent of pain. We illustrate the design using data from patients scheduled for total hip (THA) or knee (TKA) arthroplasty.
Study Design And Setting:
A repeated-measure study design was developed and applied to patients undergoing THA or TKA. A performance battery (PB) (walking, stair, and timed-up-and-go) was used as the gold standard measure for "physical function." Recent evidence indicates physical performance deteriorates 1 month after surgery compared to presurgical measures and patients with THA deteriorate to a greater extent than patients with TKA. Our design assessed whether the results from self-report measures (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC] and the Lower Extremity Functional Scale [LEFS]) of physical function were consistent with changes found using the PB.
Results:
The performance measures demonstrated significant Occasion (pre- to 1 month postarthroplasty) and Group (hip vs. knee)-by-Occasion effects; the LEFS showed a significant Occasion effect; and the WOMAC PF showed neither.
Conclusion:
Our findings support the proposed design in that the PB was more sensitive to change than the self-report measures.