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Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Detection of Cell-Free DNA in Blood Plasma Samples of Cancer Patients

Detection of Cell-Free DNA in Blood Plasma Samples of Cancer Patients

Published on: September 9, 2020

Circulating nucleic acids in plasma and serum. Recent developments.

Peter B Gahan¹, R Swaminathan

¹Anatomy and Human Sciences, King's College, London, London, United Kingdom. peter.gahan@kcl.ac.uk

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

|October 8, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers can now isolate and analyze circulating nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) in bodily fluids for early disease diagnosis. Standardization of extraction methods and understanding nucleic acid origins are crucial for clinical application.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

Circulating nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are present in various bodily fluids.
These molecules hold potential for early disease detection.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the isolation, quantification, and analysis of circulating nucleic acids.
To discuss their diagnostic potential for diseases like cancer and diabetes.
To highlight challenges in current extraction methods and understanding origins.

Main Methods:

Isolation of DNA and RNA from blood, serum, plasma, blood cells, and urine.
Analysis of nucleic acid fragments for disease-specific markers.
Comparison of different nucleic acid extraction techniques.

Main Results:

Specific nucleic acid fragments linked to diabetes, cancer, myocardial infarction, and stroke have been identified.
Older chemical extraction methods show higher efficiency than some kits.
Evidence suggests circulating nucleic acids can enter cells and exert biological activity.

Conclusions:

Circulating nucleic acids offer promising avenues for early disease diagnosis and therapy monitoring.
Standardization of nucleic acid extraction protocols is essential for widespread clinical use.
Further research is needed to determine the origin and cellular uptake mechanisms of circulating nucleic acids.