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Quantitative rat liver function test by galactose single point method.

T H Young1, H S Tang, Y C Chao

  • 1Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.

Laboratory Animals
|October 9, 2008
PubMed
Summary
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The galactose single point (GSP) method is a sensitive biomarker for detecting isoniazid-induced liver damage in rats. This residual liver function test proved more effective than AST or ALT in quantitative liver function determination.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Pharmacology
  • Toxicology and Drug Safety

Background:

  • Residual liver function tests are crucial for assessing drug-induced liver injury.
  • The galactose single point (GSP) method is a recently recommended FDA tool for liver function assessment.
  • Traditional biomarkers like AST and ALT may not always capture subtle changes in liver function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of the galactose single point (GSP) method for measuring rat liver function.
  • To evaluate GSP as a biomarker for drug-induced hepatotoxicity, specifically from isoniazid (INH).

Main Methods:

  • Rats were administered carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) or isoniazid (INH) alone or with bis-p-nitrophenyl phosphate (BNPP).
  • Hepatotoxicity was assessed using plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and histological activity index-necroinflammation (HAI-NI).

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  • The GSP method measured galactose blood levels 60 minutes post-administration.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant differences in GSP values were observed between control and CCl(4)-treated rats.
    • No significant changes in AST and ALT were found in INH-treated groups compared to controls.
    • GSP values showed significant differences between INH alone, controls, and INH-BNPP groups, correlating highly with HAI-NI scores.

    Conclusions:

    • The GSP method is a sensitive biomarker for INH-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, outperforming AST and ALT.
    • GSP provides a simple, quantitative tool for assessing liver function in rats.
    • The GSP method's applicability may extend to other animal models for liver function assessment.