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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...

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Presence of T-275A and C-2152T Polymorphisms of the Promoter Region of Uridine Diphosphate-Glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 Increases Mortality From Digestive Tumors: Results After 10 Years of Follow-up in a Renal Transplant Population.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS
08:38

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS

Published on: November 8, 2015

[Immunosuppressors].

A I Sánchez-Fructuoso1

  • 1Servicio de Nefrologia, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.

Nefrologia : Publicacion Oficial De La Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia
|October 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary

New immunosuppressants improve short-term transplant survival but not long-term outcomes. Research focuses on novel drugs to overcome calcineurin inhibitor side effects and enhance patient and graft survival.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • Significant advancements in immunosuppressive drugs over the past two decades have reduced acute transplant rejection and improved short-term graft survival.
  • However, these improvements have not translated into expected gains in long-term transplant survival.
  • Calcineurin inhibitors, while effective against acute rejection, are associated with nephrotoxicity and adverse effects on blood pressure, lipids, and glucose homeostasis, contributing to delayed graft loss and patient mortality.

Purpose:

  • To review key clinical data on immunosuppression presented in 2007.
  • To identify advancements in immunosuppressive therapies that may impact future patient and graft survival.
  • To explore the development of novel immunosuppressive molecules that mitigate the side effects of current treatments, enabling calcineurin inhibitor-free or low-dose regimens.

More Related Videos

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients
18:48

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

Published on: August 12, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS
08:38

Quantification of the Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus on Dried Blood Spots Using LC-MS/MS

Published on: November 8, 2015

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients
18:48

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

Published on: August 12, 2017

Summary:

  • New immunosuppressive agents have shown promise in reducing acute rejection but have not significantly improved long-term transplant outcomes.
  • Calcineurin inhibitors, despite their efficacy, present significant challenges due to toxicity and adverse metabolic effects.
  • The development of targeted immunotherapies acting on novel alloimmune pathways offers potential for improved long-term graft and patient survival.

Impact:

  • Highlights the need for immunosuppressive strategies that balance efficacy with reduced toxicity.
  • Suggests a shift towards more selective immunomodulatory agents to improve long-term transplant success.
  • Provides a forward-looking perspective on the clinical application of emerging immunosuppressive therapies based on 2007 data.