Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tirzepatide for Obesity in Adults ≥ 65 Years: A Post Hoc Analysis of the SURMOUNT and SUMMIT Clinical Trials.

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism·2026
Same author

Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma Cytoreduction Outcomes and Perioperative Serum Tumor Marker Levels.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Stabilizing and strengthening the US physician-scientist faculty workforce in academic medicine: a proposed institutional framework.

JCI insight·2026
Same author

Correction: Affinity Capture Elution Coupled with Cell-based Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Assay as a Platform Method for Detection of Neutralizing Antibodies to Incretin Molecules.

The AAPS journal·2026
Same author

Cell type-specific enhancers regulate IL-22 expression in innate and adaptive type 3 lymphoid cells.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

The Effect of Optimizing Urine Drug Screening Panels at Two Academic Medical Centers.

The journal of applied laboratory medicine·2026
Same journal

Six ways to put the public at the heart of science and policy.

Nature·2026
Same journal

The complex truth about trust in science.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Have people stopped trusting science? The data tell a surprising story.

Nature·2026
Same journal

How FAIR data are helping to build trust in science.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Scientists should recognize their own political biases to build public trust.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Harmonizing standards and resources for the medical genome.

Nature·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
08:31

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 8, 2018

DNA double-strand breaks activate a multi-functional genetic program in developing lymphocytes.

Andrea L Bredemeyer1, Beth A Helmink, Cynthia L Innes

  • 1Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.

Nature
|October 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physiological DNA double-strand breaks in lymphocytes activate a broad transcriptional program beyond DNA repair. This response influences lymphocyte development and may be disrupted by genotoxic damage.

More Related Videos

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
10:59

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage

Published on: August 21, 2021

Dual Immunofluorescence of γH2AX and 53BP1 in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes
05:34

Dual Immunofluorescence of γH2AX and 53BP1 in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

Published on: July 14, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
08:31

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 8, 2018

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
10:59

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage

Published on: August 21, 2021

Dual Immunofluorescence of γH2AX and 53BP1 in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes
05:34

Dual Immunofluorescence of γH2AX and 53BP1 in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

Published on: July 14, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are critical DNA lesions.
  • Cellular responses to DSBs typically involve cell-cycle checkpoints and survival pathways.
  • DSBs are intentionally generated during lymphocyte development for antigen receptor gene assembly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transcriptional response to physiological DSBs during lymphocyte development.
  • To determine if this response differs from the canonical DSB response.
  • To explore the implications for lymphocyte development and genotoxic damage.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene expression in murine lymphocytes.
  • Comparison of transcriptional profiles following physiological and genotoxic DSB induction.

Main Results:

  • Physiological DSBs in lymphocytes trigger a broad transcriptional program.
  • This program extends beyond canonical DNA damage response genes.
  • Many induced genes are involved in diverse cellular processes crucial for lymphocyte development.
  • Some gene expression patterns overlap between physiological and genotoxic DSB responses.

Conclusions:

  • Physiological DSBs act as signaling cues regulating cell-type-specific processes beyond genome maintenance.
  • Genotoxic DSBs may impair normal cellular functions by interfering with these developmental pathways.
  • Understanding these distinct transcriptional programs is vital for lymphocyte biology and toxicology.