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Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
Published on: February 22, 2018
Classification of turbulence modification by dispersed spheres using a novel dimensionless number
Tomohiko Tanaka1, John K Eaton
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 488 Escondido Mall, Bldg. 500, Stanford, California 94305-3030, USA.
Abstract:
A novel dimensionless parameter, the particle moment number Pa, was derived using dimensional analysis of the particle-laden Navier-Stokes equations, in order to understand the underlying physics of turbulence modification by particles. A set of 80 previous experimental measurements where the turbulent kinetic energy was modified by particles was examined, and all results could clearly be divided into three groups in Re-Pa mappings. The turbulence attenuation region was observed between the augmentation regions with two critical particle momentum numbers.
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