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Adjunctive pharmacotherapy in neonates with respiratory failure
1Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Zone, China.
Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
|October 15, 2008
Summary
Adjunctive therapies like bronchodilators, diuretics, mucolytics, and anti-inflammatory agents can improve pulmonary function in newborns. This review covers their use in treating respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Oxygen, CPAP, and mechanical ventilation are standard treatments for neonatal pulmonary conditions.
- Adjunctive therapies offer potential improvements in infant pulmonary function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evidence for adjunctive therapies in neonatal respiratory conditions.
- To discuss the use of bronchodilators, diuretics, mucolytics, and anti-inflammatory agents.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on specific adjunctive agents.
- Focus on aerosolized bronchodilators, systemic/inhaled diuretics, and corticosteroids.
- Examination of evidence for mucolytic and anti-inflammatory agents.
Main Results:
- Aerosolized bronchodilators, diuretics, and corticosteroids are studied for respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
- Evidence for mucolytics (acetylcysteine, deoxyribonuclease) and anti-inflammatories is also reviewed.
- These agents may help manage various neonatal pulmonary issues.
Conclusions:
- Adjunctive therapies play a role in managing neonatal pulmonary conditions.
- Further research supports the use of specific agents in treatment and prevention.
- Optimizing pulmonary function in neonates involves a multimodal approach.
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