Multidetector row computed tomography of small bowel obstruction

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Gastroenterology
• Abdominal Imaging

Background:

• Small bowel obstruction (SBO) presents diagnostic challenges due to non-specific clinical signs.
• Computed tomography (CT) has become essential for evaluating SBO over the past two decades.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of CT in diagnosing SBO.
• To highlight the importance of identifying the transition point, cause, and complications of SBO.
• To familiarize radiologists with CT findings in SBO.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature and imaging techniques for SBO.
• Emphasis on multidetector row CT (MDCT) capabilities.
• Detailed interpretation guidelines for CT scans in SBO.

Main Results:

• CT is highly effective in diagnosing SBO, locating the obstruction site, and determining its cause.
• MDCT enables high-quality multiplanar imaging for precise identification of findings.
• Identification of complications such as closed-loop obstruction and ischemia is critical for surgical management.

Conclusions:

• CT is indispensable for accurate SBO diagnosis and management guidance.
• Radiologists must be proficient in interpreting complex CT findings in SBO.
• Early detection of complications via CT can prevent adverse outcomes.