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Related Experiment Videos

Drinking, thirst and water intoxication.

J L Crammer1

  • 1Institute of Psychiatry, University of London.

The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
|July 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Drinking behavior is complex, influenced by physical sensations and biochemical factors, not just thirst. Mental health conditions like mania and depression can disrupt normal drinking patterns, affecting fluid balance.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Drinking behavior is regulated by oropharyngeal stimulation, gastrointestinal sensations, and biochemical changes, independent of thirst.
  • Disruptions in drinking patterns are observed in psychiatric conditions such as mania and depression.
  • Overdrinking (polydipsia) is prevalent in long-stay psychiatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifactorial nature of drinking behavior.
  • To investigate the relationship between mental illness and fluid/electrolyte balance.
  • To understand the mechanisms underlying polydipsia and water intoxication in psychiatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on drinking behavior regulation.
  • Analysis of clinical observations in patients with affective disorders and other psychiatric conditions.
  • Examination of renal function and electrolyte balance in relation to psychiatric state.

Main Results:

  • Drinking is influenced by physiological cues beyond thirst.
  • Polydipsia in long-stay patients can lead to water intoxication if renal function is compromised (e.g., SIADH).
  • Affective disorders may involve disturbances in sodium retention, potentially linked to impaired nervous vascular control.

Conclusions:

  • Drinking behavior is a complex physiological and psychological process.
  • Fluid and electrolyte imbalances, including water intoxication and sodium retention issues, are significant concerns in psychiatric patients.
  • Further research into the neurovascular control of fluid balance in mental illness is warranted.

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