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Related Concept Videos

Translation

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life

Translation

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life

Muscle Contraction

Muscle Contraction

Muscle Contraction

Muscle Contraction

In skeletal muscles, acetylcholine is released by nerve terminals at the motor endplate—the point of synaptic communication between motor neurons and muscle fibers. The binding of acetylcholine to its receptors on the sarcolemma allows entry of sodium ions into the cell and triggers an action potential in the muscle cell. Thus, electrical signals from the brain are transmitted to the muscle. Subsequently, the enzyme acetylcholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine to prevent excessive muscle...

Improving Translational Accuracy

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...

Improving Translational Accuracy

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

In Vivo Imaging of Muscle-tendon Morphogenesis in Drosophila Pupae

In Vivo Imaging of Muscle-tendon Morphogenesis in Drosophila Pupae

Published on: February 6, 2018

Time is muscle: translation into practice.

Elliott M Antman¹

¹Cardiovascular Division, TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. eantman@rics.bwh.harvard.edu

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

|October 18, 2008

Summary

Improving care for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) requires shortening total ischemic time. Focus on systems improvement, including patient education and hospital networks, to enhance timely reperfusion and save heart muscle.

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In Vivo Imaging of Muscle-tendon Morphogenesis in Drosophila Pupae

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Health Systems Science

Background:

Current ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) care advances should prioritize reducing ischemic time.
Analysis of trials not reflecting current practice is insufficient for improving STEMI outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To emphasize the need for systems improvement in STEMI reperfusion care.
To advocate for a multifaceted approach to shorten total ischemic time for STEMI patients.

Main Methods:

Highlighting the D2B Alliance and Mission: Lifeline programs focused on systems improvement.
Proposing a comprehensive strategy involving patient education, EMS, emergency departments, and hospital networks.

Main Results:

Initiatives like D2B Alliance focus on reducing door-to-balloon times for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Mission: Lifeline aims to enhance STEMI readiness and response nationwide.

Conclusions:

Timely reperfusion for STEMI necessitates a redesigned healthcare system.
Translating research into practice by focusing on system-level improvements is crucial to save myocardial tissue.