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[Molecular target therapy-associated CNS complications].

Shuji Kishida1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center-Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
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PubMed
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Targeted cancer therapies can cause severe central nervous system injuries, including progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. Early recognition and management are crucial to prevent permanent neurological damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neuro-oncology
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • Molecular targeted therapies have improved cancer patient survival.
  • While generally safe, targeted therapies are increasingly associated with severe toxicities.
  • Antineoplastic drug-induced central nervous system (CNS) injuries can be life-threatening.

Purpose:

  • To review clinical and etiological aspects of CNS complications associated with targeted cancer therapies.
  • To raise awareness among treating physicians regarding these potential adverse events.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and management of neurotoxicities.

Summary:

  • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) are discussed.
  • These conditions have been reported in patients receiving targeted cancer therapies.
  • Literature review covers clinical presentation and underlying causes.

Impact:

  • Highlights the risk of severe neurological complications from targeted cancer therapies.
  • Underscores the need for vigilance and prompt intervention by clinicians.
  • Aims to reduce the incidence of permanent neurological sequelae in cancer patients.