Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 28, 2026

09:53
Real-time In Vitro Monitoring of Odorant Receptor Activation by an Odorant in the Vapor Phase
Published on: April 23, 2019
Better smelling through genetics: mammalian odor perception.
Andreas Keller1, Leslie B Vosshall
1Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 63, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Current Opinion in Neurobiology
|October 22, 2008
Summary
Genomic tools reveal new insights into the evolution and function of the sense of smell (olfaction) across mammals. Studying genetic variations helps understand individual differences in olfactory perception.
Area of Science:
- Genomics and Genetics
- Olfaction Research
- Mammalian Sensory Systems
Background:
- Olfaction, the sense of smell, is crucial for mammalian survival and behavior.
- Advances in genomic and genetic tools have revolutionized the study of olfaction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in mammalian olfaction genetics and genomics.
- To explore how smell has evolved across species and how genetic variation impacts olfactory perception.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of newly sequenced mammalian genomes (e.g., platypus, dog).
- Comparative genomics to infer evolutionary trajectories of olfactory systems.
- Examination of genetic variation within species related to olfactory perception.
Main Results:
- Genomic data provide insights into the adaptive evolution of smell in different mammalian species.
- Genetic variations within species correlate with differences in individual olfactory abilities.
Conclusions:
- Genetics and genomics are powerful tools for understanding the complexities of mammalian olfaction.
- Future research will continue to uncover the intricate relationship between genes and the sense of smell.
Related Concept Videos
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
The olfactory...
Olfaction
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
Tactile and Chemical Senses
Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex. This...

